Working with Iraqi and Cuban Refugees as a Career Counselor

Working with Iraqi and Cuban Refugees as a Career Counselor Aim of the Research The purpose of this study is to examine the impacts of the lives of Iraqi and Cuban refugees who have arrived the United States. Specifically, this paper will focus on the statistics of the refugees, their emotional standing, their living styles, problem arising due to language barriers, and the difficulties that they face in finding employment in the US.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Working with Iraqi and Cuban Refugees as a Career Counselor specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Introduction Based on Office of the Office of Refugee Resettlement, 2012 saw nearly 1948 Cuban refugees arriving in the US. Most of these individuals had escaped torture and political persecution in their mother nations. On the other hand, 12,122 Iraqi refugees managed to acquire the refugee status in the US with most of them having experienced additional stressors arising from their journey to the US coupled with the proce dures involved in immigration (U.S. Department of Health, 2012). This increased their emotional disturbances given that they were still reeling from traumatic exposures such as war and persecution. From the studies that have been conducted, it has been identified that discrimination and intolerance are the leading obstacles that these individuals are facing as they try to adjust to the mainstream culture. Therefore, the most widespread mental symptoms for such refugees include overwhelming fears and worries, restlessness, feeling on the edge, and anger management issues (Bemak et al., 2003).  The Iraqi and Cuban refugees face various challenges while in the US. First, they have been forced to adopt a culture that is different as compared to their traditional customs and beliefs. Therefore, they strive to achieve financial success as a means of overcoming this obstacle (Robin, 2003). These refugees also strive to ensure that their children receive the best education they can afford to ensure that they are successful in the long run, a practice that is considered as a norm within the normal American population. This makes them susceptible to depression, nervousness, and post-traumatic stress symptoms (Hardin et al., 2001). Notably, some states do not provide physical or mental health screening for these refugees. Consequently, the government and the non-governmental organizations that deal with refugee affairs do not consider their psychological problems especially in dealing with their employment issues (U.S. Department of Health, 2012). From the studies that have been conducted, the main problem that these refugees are facing is finding work especially under the current economy slowdown although they get help from resettlement centers with the assistance of the International Rescue Committee. However, as compared to the Cuban refugees, most of the Iraqi refugees are highly educated comprising doctors, architects, and translators.Advertising Looking f or essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Most of these individuals had been successful in life while living in Iraq. However, most of these qualifications are not recognized and even the ones that are recognized do face barriers such as deficit of local job experience in addition to lack of knowledge regarding the US work environment. Due to stereotypes arising from September 11 attacks, most employers do not want to give them jobs. To some extent, these individuals find it hard to rent apartments due to discrimination by the owners. It is only in one instance that the State Department offered a grant of $425 for every person in a single family and the refugee aid-groups do not have sufficient resources. Other difficulties they get in trying to seek employment include the inability to speak English and discrimination from employers. This discrimination does not just entail skills but type of jobs since mo st are given the option of seasonal or part-time jobs (Robin, 2003). Others are forced to quit due to their physical or psychological ill health. For instance, it has been reported that most refugees are forced to undertake long sessions of training to work. However, after this extensive training, only a few of them are employed and once employed, they are paid at lower rates as compared to other employees within the organization (Robin, 2003). Literature Review Numerous studies of refugees have focused on the outcome of their mounting traumas on their overall welfare, especially the children and young people. Focusing on the first group, the children, there are those who have lost one or both of their parents. Most of the Iraqi children barely escaped death in their homeland. Therefore, given that they rigorously undertake intensive English lessons as a second language (ESL) course, they continue to face serious communication issues especially in dealing with their severe depressio n or PTSD. Their post-migration phase is filled with numerous stressors such as acculturation, language barriers, prejudices, and thrashing of social status (Hardin et al., 2001). Secondly, the young men have identified language and lack of cultural competence and knowledge to be a key factor of their deteriorating mental health and career problems. Due to such barriers, the counselors need to apply integrative and holistic means in dealing with mental health problems faced by the children and young men, their deprived self-concept, and their advanced self-efficacy concerns.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Working with Iraqi and Cuban Refugees as a Career Counselor specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Acculturation is a factor with members of Iraqi and Cuba populations. This is evident through their own assumptions, prejudices, and preconceived notions against the western culture (Bemak, Chung, Pedersen, 2003).  Furt hermore, their values and personal limitations make them to have a totally different understanding of cultural diversity. Therefore, it is crucial to understand their values and assumptions regarding human behavior. Both Cuban and Iraqi refugees belong to a collectivistic and group-oriented culture, particularly on their psychological orientations and focus of responsibility (Robin, 2003). Therefore, identity development models will help in understanding the target population as they assist in recognizing the most pronounced psychological stress on the refugees’ ability to choose their careers. Therefore, vocational identity theories as proposed by Robin (2003) will help in their career counseling since they entail developing assimilationist, limited assimilationist, and bicultural model applications.  The career counselors of these refugees should not desist from applying confrontational approach, since the care-frontational methods entail the counselor delicately explaini ng the cost of retaining their conventional attitudes and behaviors, a factor that is detrimental to their careers and work experiences. For instance, an employee can be encouraged to improve on his/her time management skills because his/her performance plays a critical role in determining his productivity as well as the performance of other employees within the organization. From a critical analysis therefore, it is evident that this model is associated with people who are coping with new cultures. Due to hostilities from the hosts, a career counselor needs to deal with the social isolation which impacts on their work performance but with the help of a culturally capable therapist (Bemak, Chung, Pedersen, 2003). Secondly, the career counselor should assist them in shaping their awareness and decision making by forming a parallel identity similar to American identity but maintaining their traditional identity outside work. The career counselors need to provide help in defining thei r identities particularly those relating to their work life. The first application of cultural formulations should be cultural identity. This comprises of a contemplation of the extent to which the refugees categorize with their own ethnic culture and the principal culture. Therefore as a career counselor, it is important to identify acculturation as entails helping them to change attitudes, beliefs, and norms (Bemak, Chung, Pedersen, 2003). References Bemak, F., Chung, R., Pedersen, P. B. (2003). Counseling refugees: A psychosocial approach to innovative multicultural interventions. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Hardin, E. E., Leong, F. T., Osipow, S. H. (2001). Cultural relativity in the conceptualization. Journal of Vocational Behavior , 58, 36-52. Robin, L. (2003). Building bridges to the American workforce: employment counseling with immigrants and refugees. Washington DC: U.S. Department of Education. U.S. Department of Health. (2012). Fiscal Year 2012 Refugee Arrivals. Web.

How To Use The Power Of Podcasting To Increase Your Audience

How To Use The Power Of Podcasting To Increase Your Audience Podcasting: Many see it as an amazing opportunity but don’t really understand the nuts and bolts of how to begin, how it compares to other marketing channels, and how to evaluate your ROI. Today we’re going to change all that by having a great discussion with Sarah Rhea Werner, the host of the Write Now podcast. As a columnist for Forbes on the topic of podcasting, she’s definitely an authority on the topic. If you’ve ever considered podcasting, you won’t want to miss today’s episode! How and why Sarah got into podcasting. The types of opportunities Sarah has had since starting podcasting that blogging wasn’t bringing her. Audience-building advice for marketing teams and companies. Why it’s so important to create your podcast based on what your listeners like. Tips on striking a balance between providing value and marketing yourself through your podcast. Why it’s important to make sure any selling that you do on your podcast is delightful, interesting, and fun. How a podcast is both similar to and different from different marketing avenues. Some of the tactical challenges and practices of podcasting. Sarah’s best final advice for a brand who is toying with the idea of a podcast. Links: Write Now Podcast Email us a screenshot of your iTunes review! If you liked today’s show, please subscribe on iTunes to The Actionable Content Marketing Podcast! The podcast is also available on SoundCloud,  Stitcher, and Google Play. Quotes by Sarah: â€Å"If you want to get additional readers for your blog or for your book do public speaking.† â€Å"Podcasting is a ton of work. It’s worth it, but it’s a ton of work.† â€Å"If you absolutely need to do have an ad, make sure it’s delightful, make sure it’s in line with your show and it’s in line with your message.†

The Difficulties of Using Phrasal Verbs for English Learners Research Paper

The Difficulties of Using Phrasal Verbs for English Learners - Research Paper Example The rationale behind such a theory is that there exist a wide range of levels and types of multiword expressions which includes idioms, fixed expressions, phrasal verbs, prefabs etc. Grammar courses or EFL (English as a Foreign Language) and / or ESL (English as a Second Language) curriculums and other such textbooks concerning grammar, typically emphasize on the learning of phrasal verbs. As such verbs are comprised of verbs i.e., the content word and particles i.e., the function word, such verbs can be studied and understood with respect to studies aimed at vocabulary building as multiword expressions or in grammar as transitive verbs and separable verbs. Several phrasal verbs lack transparency in terms of meanings i.e., certain phrasal verbs are complicated in structure and form and hence it is difficult to comprehend its connotation in entirety by uniting the meanings of the components, verbs, and particles. The use of such idiomatic meanings makes it difficult for English language learners study and apply such words, even if they are aware of the significance of their use. Although the difficulty in using and learning phrasal verbs is widely known, there is little research concerning this field. This paper on â€Å"The Difficulties of Learning and Using the Phrasal Verbs for English Learners† strives to analyze and understand various aspects including the significance of such words, the types of difficulties encountered by ESL / EFL learners and the various ways of overcoming such difficulties. â€Å"A unit which is a constituent at the phrase level and above† It is often identifiable with such criteria as: being the minimal possible unit in reply and has such characteristics as a regular stress pattern and phonological changes conditioned by or blocked at word boundaries. Grammar is an integral part of language learning that facilitates everyday communication. It is a key factor that influences designing of syllabus for learners, and the central point of

Discuss Hurricane Katrina Impact on Bermuda and International Essay

Discuss Hurricane Katrina Impact on Bermuda and International Insurance Markets, and Explain How Storm Affected Our Attitudes Towards Insurance - Essay Example Though mired in legal tangles, insurers have paid up a large section of the affected thus mitigating their hardships to some extent. Some of the arguments looks very brazen such as damages caused by breaching of the levees does not come under the category of tornadoes though it is a well known fact that breaching happened due to water surges caused by hurricane Katrina. Under the circumstances the state has to interfere to ameliorate the sufferers of levees breach since they cannot wash their hands off for the breaching. Insurance is described as a precautionary hedging instrument against likely future losses. It is used for managing the possible risks of the future, which may or may not take place. Thus, through insurance, a person buys future happiness and smooth living. According to Oxford Dictionary Insurance is a contract undertaking to provide financial compensation for loss or damage or injury etc., in return for a payment made in advance once or regularly. Though loss of life or injuries cannot be measured in financial terms, still, in this materialistic world it is quantifiable and tries to compensate the potential future loss financially. Today insurance industry is one of the largest industry sectors in the world and is three times the size of the oil industry in terms of revenue generated. The roots of insurance might be traced to Babylonia, where traders were encouraged to assume the risks of the caravan trade through loans that were repaid only after the goods had arrived safely (Hammarabi, 1795 – 50 BC) 1, a practice resembling bottomry, the ancient maritime law where money is lent to a trader at lenders risk. The concept of insurance evolved through the centuries in Europe and later in the United States. Insurance developed rapidly with the growth of British imperialism in the 17th and 18th century 2. The New York fire of 1835 highlighted the need for adequate reserves to meet unexpected large

Situation of the local baths Essay Example for Free

Situation of the local baths Essay I am deeply honored to correspond with the local council regarding the situation of the local baths. It is also a privilege to interact and work hand in hand with the proper authorities concerning this matter. Through this one, I can be a good servant then. A question can be asked in any moment regarding the safety of the local baths. Will there be a guaranty concerning its safety? Is it complete with safety precautions? Well, every persons primary concern in going to the local baths is safety for their life and limb. Normally, it would be the responsibility of the management of local baths to make sure that every person will be guaranteed complete safety. Indeed, it is my duty to correspond with the over-all local council in dealing with this very important matter. I just hope that my recommendations will be given enough attention for appropriate review. It is a common knowledge that high tides are a hazard to the swimmers especially during Christmas and New Year season. It will prevent them from enjoying their stay in the establishment. Others are also concerned in the availability of safety precautions in whatever kind for them to be safe. Heavy tides in the sea tend to break over the cemented barrier or any barrier found in the area that will cause a back swell causing swimmers to be dragged over the northern promenade into the ocean. Is it not dangerous? That is why effective safety precautions were incorporated into the local baths to prevent any damage. I have taken so many safety precautions then. It include placing warning signs in prominent positions and installing a safety chain across the northern area. The safety chain serves to keep the people from going too far from the northern side of the pool that is known to be dangerous. Aside from that, a loud speaker system has been built in order to regularly warn any person using the pool to avoid any damage. The loudspeaker was useful because it reaches people staying in the northern poolside. There is also an organized storage of safety and rescue equipment being placed in an accesible position. However, dangers cannot be avoided in any time. This is so because high tides in the sea cannot just be controlled by human power without exerting extraordinary efforts. The problem was not so alarming until one incident happened that made the management uneasy. In this particular year, a peculiar thing happened that causes alarm to the people. What happened was that when the north-easterly swell and winds have created very heavy surf, some people are affected by it. That happened during the last Saturday of December. At that time, I boldly announced over the loudspeaker system that waves breaking onto the poolside are very dangerous. With all diligence, I gave instructions to the people in the swimming pool area to leave the northern end of the pool. That was one way of doing all my efforts together with the other employees to avoid damages due to the surf. Despite the announcement that was given to the effect that no one should stay in the northern end of the pool, three people have refused to move from the same. They ignored the instruction that was given for their benefit. That was indeed problematic and dangerous. As I walked towards the three people, a very large wave drags them back into the dangerous surf. I was shocked but tried to control myself to be able to face the situation appropriately. In fact, I voluntarily tried to radio for the surf and rescue helicopter for immediate actions. As a result, two people are rescued without any harm except the third person who was seriously injured due to the large wave that struck him. With this point at hand, there is a need to overhaul the system of operating the local baths in the area of safety. There are so many factors that causes the injuries of the swimmers in the pool. These things may have something to do with the negligence of the management and even on the side of the swimmers. The loudspeaker system is not so effective. While it was true that the swimmers were given announcements whenever there is danger, but that was not enough. Hence, what is really needed was trained lifeguards that are present in the poolside area. Lifeguards are trained employees that are responsible for the safety of the people while present in a recreational water areas. Generally, lifeguards are the people who observe swimming activities, anticipate problems and identify emergencies, give immediate first aid and report incidents in the sea (â€Å"Lifeguards†, 2007, p. 1). Therefore, it is respectfully recommended that trained lifeguards be hired to be able to make the operation of the local baths more safe and productive. The rationale of the recommendation is to give credence to the fact that hiring additional people is more logical than allowing any serious injuries and even death to happen. The presence of the lifeguards will surely prevent any accident in the local baths whether swimmers are obedient when there are announced instructions through loudspeaker system or hardheaded for that matter. In line with these, lifeguards must be trained with respect to basic techniques, rescue, aquatic injuries first aid lessons and effective coordination during emergency situations. Aside from that, the course of their training must include observation and scanning ability in the swimming pool area. The local baths needs men to do surveillance to avoid the slightest hint of any dangerous surf and heavy winds. In effect, lifeguards can do uninterrupted supervision while swimmers are enjoying in the pool especially in the most dangerous area. Finally, for the local council to approve this recommendation, it is respectfully submitted that the management of the local baths under my leadership will fully execute the policies and regulation for a positive result.

Historical Analysis On 1920s :: essays research papers

"Wedding Band" by Alice Childress is a story of a love/hate interracial relationship between two lovers in the south. The play is set in South Carolina in 1918. "Wedding Band" truly captures the essence of the time and place in which the play was set in. That era (1915-1931) is one of the most significant in the history of this young nation. The decade of the 1920's is often characterized as a period of American prosperity and optimism. It was the "Roaring Twenties," the decade of the bath tub gin, the model T, the $5 work day, the first transatlantic flight, and the movie. It was a high point in African-American history as well. The Harlem Renaissance took shape; it was a time when African Americans began an intellectual movement. Harlem became the center of African-American culture. Most African-Americans began a movement to rethink their values and appreciation of their roots and Africa. The "Great Migration" began at this time. Approximate ly two million Southern blacks move to northern industrial centers in hopes to escape the oppressive nature of the deep south. However, for every upside their is a downside. The decade was a period of rising intolerance and isolation. Americans retreated into a provincialism evidenced by the rise of the Ku Klux Klan, the anti radical hysteria of the Palmer raids, restrictive immigration laws, and prohibition. Influenza and the first world war brought an alarming amount of Americans to an early death. Racial motivated riots spread throughout the country and protests endorsing and condemning racism were the norm. Life in the south was at most times unbearable for the blacks, and many felt that the southern atmosphere had such a suffocating affect on them that escape was the best option. African-Americans were showing their pain inside, little by little proving themselves to the racist whites in the south that they were somebody, not a property, but a human being with self worth and dignity who should be treated equally. The main place that the black southerners were blinded of was the urban places in the north. These were the places that captured their attention. Many of the southerners who were enslaved or sons and daughters of enslaved Africans began to migrate in the northern cities. These were the places where they began to live a life of independence and freedom. The migration of the black southerners was a success.

Organizational Behavior-Syllabus Essay

I. Course Information Intelligence and technical knowledge will only take you so far in your work and private lives. My goal is to introduce you to behavior in organization (and of organizations) in a way that stresses you personal behavioral skill development. In other words, the course should help you assess your strengths and weaknesses and will stress how you can enhance and improve your management skills. To that end, the course stresses a mix of assessment tests for each chapter to give you a personal point of departure for learning and skill development, along with basic theory and cases and role plays to examine examples of situations and skills that we are studying. This is a hands-on course. I expect students to come to class prepared to learn and to participate! Course Objectives: 1) To provide students with knowledge and understanding of the basic principles of organizational behavior (i.e. human behavior in organizations). 2) The course includes both theoretical and practical aspects of OB and is designed to offer introductory knowledge, skills, and perspectives in OB that can be useful for students’ professional and academic careers. II. Course Learning Outcomes: On completion of this course, students should be able to: 1ï ¼Å½ Understand the basic principles of organizational behavior (i.e. human behavior in organizations). 2ï ¼Å½ Be equipped with introductory knowledge, skills, and perspectives in OB that can be useful for students’ professional and academic careers. Teaching and Learning Activities: 1. Lecture 2. In class exercises, small group discussion 3. Team Presentations 4. Final Exam III. Assessment In addition to attendance and engagement in classroom discussion, all items discussed in class including all materials assigned as ‘Required’ reading may be used to assess students’ progress in the class. The methods of assessment include the following: Personal Journal A skills-based OB course centers upon assisting you to assess your strengths and weaknesses, developing a learning plan to redress these and regular reflection about how you can apply the skills and concepts learned outside the classroom. Keeping a journal is the best way to facilitate this. To ensure you get off to a timely start, I shall ask for some specific assignments that constitute part of the journal to be handed in for credit. Examples include the self- assessment of strengths and weaknesses based upon the online assessment (class 2), and other individual exercises in the textbook. You can fulfill the first assignment online at http://www.passovoy.com/assessment/sal/quick.html. You are required to complete a minimum of 8 assessments. In some cases, you will be surprised by what you learn about yourself – both positive and negative. Each student is required to write a maximum two-page single-spaced typed write-up regarding what you learned about yourself. Final Exam A written in-class exam will be given on May 14, 2012. The format of the exam is a combination of multiple-choice and/true-false questions, and are based on lecture and text materials. Many questions are applied and require you to analyze and synthesize OB concepts. Please prepare early for the exams and come to class with any questions or concerns you may have prior to the exam date. Do not feel uncomfortable asking questions. Other students will also benefit from the discussion. Top Five Take-Aways This assignment provides a final opportunity for you to synthesize and share your learning with the class. Reflect on your learning in this class and write up a list of your â€Å"Top Five Take-Aways† from the course. Explain why you chose each concept, how you have utilized it in your own life, and how you think it will help you in your future role as a leader. There is no set length of the paper. That depends on your learning. You are required to turn in a hard copy. Single-spacing, please. Obviously you will not be graded on whether your choice of a learning point is valid or not. Your learning is your learning. Your grade will be based on how well you explain that concept’s application to your life. Your presentation in class will be fairly informal. Each member of the class will have about a minute or so to share a point or two about your most important learning from the course. It is simply an opportunity to reflect on your learning with your peers. Sometimes hear ing what is important to other people can also contribute to your own learning. Group Project Learning to work effectively in groups is a critical work skill. On day one, you will be asked to form groups (final membership to be handed into me by the third meeting. With your group, you will have two assignments. The first is to develop a team learning notebook, recording team responses to case discussion questions throughout the semester. The team learning notebook will be collected during the mid-point of the course (6th week), as well as the end of the course (12th week) . The second assignment is to conduct a 20 minutes presentation on a topic of your choice related to the topic on the day selected by your group. Further information will be given in class and sign up is on a first-come first –serve basis. If any group member expresses displeasure with group process and contributions of others shall used a peer evaluation form. Each individual’s contribution will be identified on the peer evaluation form I will provide and that will be confidential (i.e., your group members will not see your evaluation of their participation). All group members should participate equally to obtain full credit for the assignment. For example, if the assignment receives a grade of 8.5 out of 10 and your group gives you 100% participation rate, then you will receive the total 8.5 points. If your group gives you less than 100% participation, your grade will be adjusted accordingly. Evaluation of your peers should help you maintain an appropriate level of participation from all of your group members. IV.Course Policies Academic Dishonesty: Assignments found to have been plagiarized or an exam in which cheating is found to have occurred will receive a grade of ‘zero’.

Nommo and the Bible

Nommo and the Bible A Comparison and Contrast of the Character Names in The Poisonwood Bible Barbara Kingslover writes a book entitled, The Poisonwood Bible that explore the effects one culture has on another. The four daughters; Rachel, Leah, Adah, and Ruth May, at birth are given names suitable and fitting to their personalities, as well as new Kikongo names which describe the girls’ attitudes towards the people in the Congo. A principal of the Congolese belief system, suggests that the girls have grown into their names, causing their specific type of people interaction.The eldest daughter of the four is Rachel Price. In the Bible, the person named Rachel is described as more beautiful than her sister Leah (Genesis Ch. 29-35). In the Poisonwood Bible, Rachel Price is the most appealing than the other three siblings. Rachel’s Kikongo name is Mvula, which refers to a pale white termite that only comes out after it rains. Back home, Rachel was beautiful and her pale skin was desirable. Now, Tata Ndu (chief of the village) wanted to marry Rachel because her skin is ugly to the Congolese women causing his wives to feel better about themselves.Rachel Price did not want to be around the Congolese people, and stayed inside her house snuggled up with her own vanity. Leah and Adah Price are twins and the middle children of the family in the Poisonwood Bible. Leah, in the Bible, was tricked into marrying the man Rachel loved by their evil father (Genesis 29: 21-28). In both instances, Rachel and Leah were deceived by their father causing them to become unable of having a true sisterly bond with one another. In Kikongo, Leah is called Leba, meaning â€Å"fig tree† (148). The Congolese do Leah a favor by not calling her Leah, because the Kikongo translation for Leah means â€Å"nothing much† (148).Anatole has special names for all the girls and he calls Leah â€Å"beene-beene† which means â€Å"the truest truth† (396). It is clear he has respect for Leah. â€Å"Benduka† is Adah Price’s Kikongo name; it means â€Å"crooked walker†. Adah Price was born with the use of only one side of her body causing a perpetual limp. In the Bible, Adah is a minor character that could be the wife of two men (Genesis 4:19). In the book, Adah goes back in forth between her two â€Å"men† or beliefs; she either believes in science, or God. Adah is also overlooked when the fire ants attacked their village; her own mother felt her behind (306).Orleanna did not favor Adah, causing her to be a â€Å"minor† member in the family. The youngest and most innocent of the Price children is Ruth May. She is given the name of Bandu in the kikongo language, meaning â€Å"the reason for everything† and â€Å"the littlest one on the bottom. † Orleanna (the mother) values Ruth May the most of her four children. All of Orleanna’s narratives are meant for Ruth May. In the Bible, Ruth is a cha racter who helped soldiers when they needed it, she was a friend. The translation of the word Ruth in Hebrew means â€Å"companion† (â€Å"Origin and Meaning of Baby Names†).The word ruth in English, mean grief; for Orleanna, she felt much grief when Ruth May died. An entire book of the Bible describes Ruth, and an entire character dedicates what she says to Ruth May. The Kikongo word â€Å"nommo† is â€Å"the force that makes things live as what they are† (209); it is â€Å"a song, a poem, a scream, a prayer, a name†(210). It refers to the belief that naming something gives it its nature – a man is a man because that is what he is named, whereas a rabbit is not a man because that is not what he is named. Nommo says you do not have a life until you are named; your name makes you who you are.Would Rachel Price be less vain and beautiful if her name were not Rachel Rebekkah? Nommo says, yes, she would be a different person. Kingslover’s approach to identifying the characters in The Poisonwood Bible, maintains the focus on who each person is and who they are meant to be. The names give us hints as to what each person’s personality will be. Also, the names can allude to biblical references that help define what the character’s relationships with others are. Nommo and their birth names combined adequately describe each girl and their actions.

Free Essays on Mass Media Implications

like â€Å"sharing,† â€Å"participation, and â€Å"association† (Carey, 1992). In contrast to the transmission view of communication, which emphasizes the movement of messages through space, the ritual view of communication emphasizes the maintenance of an ordered, meaningful cultural world based in time. The separation between these two views is more easily understood when concentrating on a specific comparison, such as â€Å"Today† and the â€Å"NBC Nightly News.† The September 26th episode of â€Å"Today† was completely based on the tragic terrorist attacks that occurred on September 11th. The program included segments such as current updates on the events occurring in Afghanistan, relief efforts thus far, toys for kids in trying times, the impact... Free Essays on Mass Media Implications Free Essays on Mass Media Implications Ideological Implications of the Mass Media News programs like the â€Å"Today† show and the â€Å"NBC Nightly News† are sources of mass communication for the American population. Mass communication does not allow for heterogeneous, isolated individuals. Through the media, people are united with general ideas and perceptions. Thousands of people turn on their televisions every morning and every evening to catch up on current issues and debates. However, how representative are these productions? Do they fully reflect the actual, historical time? The production of these television shows is an act in which the audience is not given unaltered information; rather, they are presented with a portrayal of American ideologies and assumptions. Individuals do not gain pure information from the news. Instead, they gain an understanding for a particular view of worldly events. News is not complete; however, it is not artificial either. By representing the underlying order of things, media is a conglomeration of the drama of this social world. This sacred act that is commonly associated with news media is a ritual view of communication. Carey compares the ritual view of communication to words like â€Å"sharing,† â€Å"participation, and â€Å"association† (Carey, 1992). In contrast to the transmission view of communication, which emphasizes the movement of messages through space, the ritual view of communication emphasizes the maintenance of an ordered, meaningful cultural world based in time. The separation between these two views is more easily understood when concentrating on a specific comparison, such as â€Å"Today† and the â€Å"NBC Nightly News.† The September 26th episode of â€Å"Today† was completely based on the tragic terrorist attacks that occurred on September 11th. The program included segments such as current updates on the events occurring in Afghanistan, relief efforts thus far, toys for kids in trying times, the impact...

Ionization Energy Definition and Trend

Ionization Energy Definition and Trend Ionization energy is the energy required to remove an electron from a gaseous atom or ion. The first or initial ionization energy or Ei of an atom or molecule is the energy required to remove one mole of electrons from one mole of isolated gaseous atoms or ions. You may think of ionization energy as a measure of the difficulty of removing electron or the strength by which an electron is bound. The higher the ionization energy, the more difficult it is to remove an electron. Therefore, ionization energy is in indicator of reactivity. Ionization energy is important because it can be used to help predict the strength of chemical bonds. Also Known As: ionization potential, IE, IP, ΔH ° Units: Ionization energy is reported in units of kilojoule per mole (kJ/mol) or electron volts (eV). Ionization Energy Trend in the Periodic Table Ionization, together with atomic and ionic radius, electronegativity, electron affinity, and metallicity, follows a trend on the periodic table of elements. Ionization energy generally increases moving from left to right across an element period (row). This is because the atomic radius generally decreases moving across a period, so there is a greater effective attraction between the negatively charged electrons and positively-charged nucleus. Ionization is at its minimum value for the alkali metal on the left side of the table and a maximum for the noble gas on the far right side of a period. The noble gas has a filled valence shell, so it resists electron removal.Ionization decreases moving top to bottom down an element group (column). This is because the principal quantum number of the outermost electron increases moving down a group. There are more protons in atoms moving down a group (greater positive charge), yet the effect is to pull in the electron shells, making them smaller and screening outer electrons from the attractive force of the nucleus. More electron shells are added moving down a group, so the outermost electron becomes increasingly distance from the nucleus. First, Second, and Subsequent Ionization Energies The energy required to remove the outermost valence electron from a neutral atom is the first ionization energy. The second ionization energy is that required to remove the next electron, and so on. The second ionization energy is always higher than the first ionization energy. Take, for example, an alkali metal atom. Removing the first electron is relatively easy because its loss gives the atom a stable electron shell. Removing the second electron involves a new electron shell that is closer and more tightly bound to the atomic nucleus. The first ionization energy of hydrogen may be represented by the following equation: H(g) → H(g) e- ΔH °Ã‚   -1312.0 kJ/mol Exceptions to the Ionization Energy Trend If you look at a chart of first ionization energies, two exceptions to the trend are readily apparent. The first ionization energy of boron is less than that of beryllium and the first ionization energy of oxygen is less than that of nitrogen. The reason for the discrepancy is due to the electron configuration of these elements and Hunds rule. For beryllium, the first ionization potential electron comes from the 2s orbital, although ionization of boron involves a 2p electron. For both nitrogen and oxygen, the electron comes from the 2p orbital, but the spin is the same for all 2p nitrogen electrons, while there is a set of paired electrons in one of the 2p oxygen orbitals. Key Points Ionization energy is the minimum energy required to remove an electron from an atom or ion in the gas phase.The most common units of ionization energy are kilojoules per mole (kJ/M) or electron volts (eV).Ionization energy exhibits periodicity on the periodic table.The general trend is for ionization energy to increase moving from left to right across an element period. Moving left to right across a period, atomic radius decreases, so electrons are more attracted to the (closer) nucleus.The general trend is for ionization energy to decrease moving from top to bottom down a periodic table group. Moving down a group, a valence shell is added. The outermost electrons are further from the positive-charged nucleus, so they are easier to remove. References F. Albert Cotton and Geoffrey Wilkinson, Advanced Inorganic Chemistry (5th ed., John Wiley 1988) p.1381.Lang, Peter F.; Smith, Barry C. Ionization Energies of Atoms and Atomic Ions. Journal of Chemical Education. 80 (8).

Girl, Interrupted Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Girl, Interrupted - Essay Example uding Polly who had self-inflicted burns on her body and face, Georgina her roommate who is struggling to maintain a relationship with her boyfriend Wade who is also a patient in the hospital. Wade is another person that she meets there and he entertains people with stories of his father’s indulging in exploits with CIA. She comes across many more patients who keep her bemused and at the same time the environment at the hospital makes her feels like a captive. Kaysen believes that the hospital is a place meant for her rehabilitation while at the same time she feels that it has taken her freedom away from her. The daily routine dictated by the hospital rules and the complete check on the patients by the nurses at every interval along with no privacy gave way to all sorts of emotions in Kaysen’s persona. James Watson’s visit to the hospital to meet Kaysen indicated how emotionally broken she was when she came to this place. Watson attempts to pull her out of the mental hospital’s environment but her rejection indicates that she is adamant to take the complete treatment. Her past attempt to commit suicide by an aspirin overdose at high-school had worried her the most. Since many creative people have been McLean’s residents, she is convinced that creative minds are liable to mental illness in particular the poets’. The over strictness in the environment has given way to the feeling of imprisonment for Kaysen as she observes the nurses following up on each of the patient’s whereabouts. They take all the things which might cause harm to the patient away from them including earrings. They correspond to the severity of any patient and eventually attend all the activities the patients are collectively involved with. This is the reason why even field trips are restricted and there is a complex system of taking nurses with the patients during these trips. Kaysen has a tendency of drawing conclusion to her own mental health. She categorizes her mind into